Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
Year
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Pathan, Sameeha
- Scars of hope and forewarn of a bleak future: post-mortem findings of dugongs (Dugong dugon) belonging to a relict population in the Gulf of Kachchh, India
Abstract Views :139 |
PDF Views:72
Authors
Affiliations
1 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, India, IN
2 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, India; Marine Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bengaluru 560 097, India, IN
3 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, India; Department of Ecology and Environment, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India, IN
1 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, India, IN
2 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, India; Marine Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bengaluru 560 097, India, IN
3 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, India; Department of Ecology and Environment, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 123, No 7 (2022), Pagination: 919-924Abstract
A relict dugong population resides in the Gulf of Kachchh (GoK), Gujarat, India. Very little is known about this population stemming from a lack of focused studies and inadequate examination of previous strandings. The present study gathers crucial ecological information through a systematic post-mortem examination of stranded dugongs in GoK. As indicated through dorsal tusk-rake scars on two carcasses, this study presents records of derivative physical evidence. Progressive healing and differences in the width of the scars indicated more than two individuals had participated in a sexual agnostic or courtship event. Conversely, our findings report that both animals suffered relative effects of asphyxiation after fishing net entanglement. The implication of a prior pathological condition(s) in the form of dermal cysts, swollen mesenteric lymph nodes and endoparasites is also reported. Stomach content was examined for a qualitative dietary characterization. Halophila beccari, Halophila ovalis and Halodule uninervis were found in the stomach content. Other potential threats as well as fishing net microfilaments found in the stomach contents of both dugongs are discussedFull Text
References
- Marsh, H., Dugong: Status Report and Action Plans for Countries and Territories, UNEP/Earthprint, 2002.
- Sivakumar, K. and Nair, A., Dugong distribution, habitat and risks due to fisheries and other anthropogenic activities in India. Wildlife Institute of India – Technical Report, 2013, 5, p. 74.
- DSouza, E. and Patankar, V., First underwater sighting and preliminary behavioural observations of dugongs (Dugong dugon) in the wild from Indian waters, Andaman Islands. J. Threaten. Taxa, 2009, 49–53.
- D’Souza, E. et al., Long-term occupancy trends in a data-poor dugong population in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago. PLoS ONE, 2013, 8(10),
- Srinivas, Y. et al., Mitochondrial phylogeography reveals high haplotype diversity and unique genetic lineage in Indian dugongs (Dugong dugon). Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst., 2021, 31(4), 818–829.
- Sivakumar, K., Status and conservation of Dugong dugon in India: strategies for species recovery. In Ecology and Conservation of Tropical Marine Faunal Communities, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2013, pp. 419–432.
- Anand, Y., Tatu, K. and Pandey, C. N., First record of feeding trails of dugong in Gulf of Kachchh (GoK), Gujarat. Indian For., 2012, 138(10), 968–969.
- Heinsohn, R., Lacy, R. C., Lindenmayer, D. B., Marsh, H., Kwan, D. and Lawler, I. R., Unsustainable harvest of dugongs in Torres Strait and Cape York (Australia) waters: two case studies using population viability analysis. In Animal Conservation Forum, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2004, vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 417–425.
- Eros, C. et al., Procedures for the salvage and necropsy of the Dugong (Dugong dugon). Research Publication No. 85, 2007.
- Yashpal, A., Hyacinth, H., George, L. B. and Kamboj, R. D., Parasitic nematode in dead stranded dugong on Mithapur coast, Okha, Gujarat, India. Curr. Sci., 2018, 115(7), 1249–1250.
- Crusz, H. and Fernand, V. S. V., The trematode parasites of the dugong with descriptions of two new monostomes and histopathological changes in the host. J. Parasitol., 1954, 40(5), 499–507.
- Beck, C. and Forrester, D. J., Helminths of the Florida manatee, Trichechus manatus latirostris, with a discussion and summary of the parasites of sirenians. J. Parasitol., 1988, 628–637.
- Anderson, P. K. and Birtles, A., Behaviour and ecology of the Dugong, Dugong dugon (Sirenia): observations in Shoalwater and Cleveland Bays, Queensland. Wildlife Res., 1978, 5(1), 1–23.
- Lanyon, J. M., Athousis, C., Sneath, H. L. and Burgess, E. A., Body scarring as an indicator of social function of dugong (Dugong dugon) tusks. Mar. Mammal Sci., 2021.
- Lanyon, J., Guide to the Identification of Seagrasses in the Great Barrier Reef Region, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, 1986.
- Lee, H. H., Wallen, M. M., Krzyszczyk, E. and Mann, J., Every scar has a story: age and sex-specific conflict rates in wild bottle-nose dolphins. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 2019, 73(5), 1–11.
- Marsh, H., Heinsohn, G. E. and Channells, P. W., Changes in the ovaries and uterus of the dugong, Dugong dugon (Sirenia: Dugongidae), with age and reproductive activity. Austr. J. Zool., 1984, 32(6), 743–766.
- Marsh, H., Heinsohn, G. E. and Marsh, L. M., Breeding cycle, life history and population dynamics of the Dugong, Dugon lisette (Sirenia: Dugongidae). Austr. J. Zool., 1984, 32(6), 767–788.
- Peltier, H. et al., Monitoring of marine mammal strandings along French coasts reveals the importance of ship strikes on large cetaceans: a challenge for the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Front. Mar. Sci., 2019, 6), 486.
- Reeves, R. R., McClellan, K. and Werner, T. B., Marine mammal bycatch in gillnet and other entangling net fisheries, 1990 to 2011. Endanger. Spec. Res., 2013, 20(1), 71–97.
- Marsh, H., Evaluating management initiatives aimed at reducing the mortality of dugongs in gill and mesh nets in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. Mar. Mammal Sci., 2000, 16, 684–694.
- Heiss, W. M., Smith, A. M. and Keith Probert, P., Influence of the small intertidal seagrass Zostera novazelandica on linear water flow and sediment texture. New Zealand J. Mar. Freshw. Res., 2000, 34(4), 689–694.
- Suykerbuyk, W. et al., Surviving in changing seascapes: sediment dynamics as bottleneck for long-term seagrass presence. Ecosystems, 2016, 19(2), 296–310.
- Abreo, N. A. S., Macusi, E. D. and Jimenez, L. A., Survey of subtidal anthropogenic marine debris (AMD) in Mayo Bay, Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines. Philipp. J. Crop Sci., 2018, 147(4), 597–600.
- Annual progress report, 2019–2020: Recovery of Dugongs and their Habitats in India, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun; https://www.wii.gov.in/dugong_publications
- Understanding dietary differences in Indian dugongs through opportunistic gut sampling of stranded individuals
Abstract Views :157 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
Sumit Prajapati
1,
Chinmaya Ghanekar
1,
Sameeha Pathan
1,
Rukmini Shekar
1,
K. Madhu Magesh
1,
Swapnali Gole
1,
Srabani Bose
1,
Sweta Iyer
1,
Anant Pande
2,
Kuppusamy Sivakumar
3,
Jeyaraj Antony Johnson
1
Affiliations
1 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India, IN
2 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India; 2Marine Programme, Wildlife Conservation Society – India, Bengaluru 560 097, India, IN
3 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India; Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India, IN
1 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India, IN
2 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India; 2Marine Programme, Wildlife Conservation Society – India, Bengaluru 560 097, India, IN
3 Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India; Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 123, No 10 (2022), Pagination: 1259-1264Abstract
We analysed gut samples of stranded dugongs from Tamil Nadu and Gujarat, India, to understand their dietary preferences. We quantified seagrass fragments from the gut as leaf, stem and rhizome, and identified leaf fragments up to genera level by their morphological features and epidermal cell characteristics using an inverted microscope. The overall abundance of above-ground fragments (leaf, stem) was higher in all samples, which may suggest the dugongs use a cropping mechanism to forage. The ingested seagrass generic diversity was higher in Tamil Nadu (n = 5) dugong individuals than those in Gujarat (n = 2). A total of five genera were recorded from all samples, viz. Halophila spp., Halodule spp., Cymodocea spp., Enhalus sp. and Syringodium spp. In Tamil Nadu, Cymodocea spp. (46.24%) was the most dominant, followed by Halophila spp. (26.49%), Syringodium spp. (14.83%) and Halodule spp. (12.16%), with a low occurrence of Enhalus spp. (0.19%). In Gujarat, Halodule spp. (61.48%) was the most dominant, followed by Halophila spp. (30.20%). The recorded plastic and wood fragments suggest fine spatial scale threat mapping in dugong habitatsKeywords
Dugongs, foraging pattern, megaherbivore, necropsy, seagrass.Full Text
References
- Heinsohn, G. E. and Birch, W. R., Foods and feeding habits of the dugong, Dugong dugong (Erxleben), in northern Queensland, Aus -tralia. Mammalia, 1972, 36(3), 414–422; https://doi.org/10.1515/ mamm.1972.36.3.414.
- Marsh, H., O’Shea, T. J., Reynolds, J. E. and Reynolds III, J. E., Ecology and Conservation of the Sirenia: Dugongs and Manatees (Vol. 18), Cambridge University Press, 2012 , pp. 1–521; ISBN: 9780521888288, 052188828X.
- Marsh, H. and Sobtzick, S., Dugong dugon (amended version of 2015 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019, e.T6909A160756767; https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK. 2015-4.RLTS.T6909A160756767.en.
- Hines, E., Adulyanukosol, K., Duffus, D. and Dearden, P., Comm-unity perspectives and conservation needs for dugongs (Dugong dugon) along the Andaman coast of Thailand. Environ. Manage., 2005, 36(5), 654–664; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0287-8.
- Pusineri, C., Kiszka, J., Quillard, M. and Caceres, S., The endange-red status of dugongs Dugong dugon around Mayotte (East Africa, Mozambique Channel) assessed through interview surveys. Afr. J. Mar. Sci., 2013, 35(1), 111–116; https://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X. 2013.783234.
- Srinivas, Y. et al., Mitochondrial phylogeography reveals high hap-lotype diversity and unique genetic lineage in Indian dugongs ( Du-gong dugon). Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst., 2020, 31(4), 1–12; https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3490.
- Wirsing, A. J., Heithaus, M. R. and Dill, L. M., Can you dig it? Use of excavation, a risky foraging tactic, by dugongs is sensitive to predation danger. Anim. Behav., 2007, 74(4), 1085–1091; https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.02.009.
- Rasheed, M., O’Grady, D. and Scott, E., Dugong feeding ecology and habitat use on intertidal banks of Port Curtis and Rodds Bay, Interim Progress Report, 2015.
- Marsh, H., Grech, A. and McMahon, K., Dugongs: seagrass comm-unity specialists. In Seagrasses of Australia (eds Larkum, A., Kendrick, G. and Ralph, P.), Springer, Cham, 2018, pp. 629–661; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71354-0_19.
- Preen, A. R., Interactions between dugongs and seagrasses in a sub -tropical environment. Doctoral dissertation, James Cook University, North Queensland, Australia, 1992.
- Andre, J., Gyuris, E. and Lawler, I. R., Comparison of the diets of sympatric dugongs and green turtles on the Orman Reefs, Torres Strait, Australia. Wildl. Res., 2005, 32(1), 53–62; https://doi.org/10. 1071/WR04015.
- De Iongh, H. H., Kiswara, W., Kustiawan, W. and Loth, P. E., A review of research on the interactions between dugongs ( Dugong dugon Müller 1776) and intertidal seagrass beds in Indonesia. Hy-drobiologia, 2007, 591(1), 73; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-0785-4.
- D’Souza, E., Patankar, V., Arthur, R., Marbà, N. and Alcoverro, T., Seagrass herbivory levels sustain site-fidelity in a remnant dugong population. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(10), e0141224; https://doi.org/ 10.3354/meps12622.
- Pandey, C. N., Tatu, K. S. and Anand, Y. A., Status of dugong (Dugong dugon) in India. Technical Report, Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation, Gandhinagar, 2010, p. 146; ISBN: 978-81-910659-3-0.
- Sivakumar, K. and Nair, A., Dugong distribution, habitat and risks due to fisheries and other anthropogenic activities in India. Techni -cal Report, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 201 3, p. 74.
- Rajpurkar, S., Pande, A., Sharma, S., Gole, S., Dudhat, S., Johnson, J. A. and Sivakumar, K., Light-weight unmanned aerial vehicle sur-veys detect dugongs and other globally threatened marine species from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121(2), 195–197.
- D’Souza, E., Patankar, V., Arthur, R., Alcoverro, T. and Kelkar, N., Long-term occupancy trends in a data -poor dugong population in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago. PLoS ONE, 2013, 8(10), e76181; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076181.
- Nair, R. V., Lal Mohan, R. S. and Rao, K. S., Dugong Dugong du-gon. CMFRI Bull., 1975, 26, 1–49.
- Adulyanukosol, K. and Poovachiranon, S., A pictorial key to genera/ species for identification of seagrass cells in stomach contents of dugong from the Andaman Sea, Thailand. Technical Paper No. 1/2003, Phuket Marine Biological Centre, Thailand, 2003.
- Schuette, J. R., Leslie Jr, D. M., Lochmiller, R. L. and Jenks, J. A., Diets of hartebeest and roan antelope in Burkina Faso: support of the long-faced hypothesis. J. Mammal., 1998, 79(2), 426–436; https://doi.org/10.2307/1382973.
- Channels, P. and Morissey, J., Technique for analysis of seagrass genera present in dugong stomachs, including a key to North Queensland seagrasses based on cell details. In The Dugong (ed. Marsh, H.), 1981, pp. 176–179.
- Marsh, H., Channells, P. W., Heinsohn, G. E. and Morrissey, J., Analysis of stomach contents of dugongs from Queensland. Wildl. Res., 1982, 9(1), 55–67; https://doi.org/10.1071/WR9820055.
- Lanyon, J., Guide to the Identification of Seagrasses in the Great Barrier Reef Region, Great Barrier Reef, Australia, 1986, pp. 1–54; ISBN: 9780642524898.
- El Shaffai, A., In Field Guide to Seagrasses of the Red Sea (eds Rouphael, A. and Abdulla, A.), IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and To-tal Foundation, Courbevoie, France, 2016, 2nd edn, pp. viii + 56; ISBN: 978-2-8317-1414-1.
- Pande, A., Seal, S., Tripura, V., Johnson, J. A. and Sivakumar, K., A Field Guide to Seagrasses of India and Associated Fauna, Wild-life Institute of India, Dehradun, 2021, pp. 1–90; ISBN: 81-85496-55-2.
- Johnstone, I. M. and Hudson, B. E. T., The dugong diet: mouth sample analysis. Bull. Mar. Sci., 1981, 31(3), 681–690.
- Aragones, L. V., Observations on dugongs at Calauit Island, Busuanga, Palawan, Philippines. Wildl. Res., 1994, 21(6), 709–717; https://doi.org/10.1071/WR9940709.
- Adulyanukosol, K., Poovachiranon, S. and Boukaew, P., Stomach contents of dugongs (Dugong dugon) from Trang Province, Thai-land. In Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Seastar 2000 and Asian Bio-logging Science (9th Seastar 2000 Workshop). Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Japan, 2010, pp. 51–57.
- Erftemeijer, P. L. A. and Moka, W., Stomach content analysis of a dugong (Dugong dugon) from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Mar. Freshw. Res., 1993, 44(1), 229–233; https://doi.org/10.1071/ MF9930229.
- Thangaradjou, T. and Bhatt, J. R., Status of seagrass ecosystems in India. Ocean Coast. Manage., 2018, 159, 7–15; https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.11.025.
- Sivakumar, K. et al., CAMPA – Recovery of dugongs and their habitats in India: an integrated participatory approach. Annual Pro-gress Report IV (2019–20), Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2020, p. 313.
- Thayer, G. W., Bjorndal, K. A., Ogden, J. C., Williams, S. L. and Zieman, J. C., Role of larger herbivores in seagrass communities. Estuaries, 1984, 7(4), 351–376; https://doi.org/10.2307/1351619.
- Preen, A., Diet of dugongs: are they omnivores? J. Mammal., 1995, 76(1), 163–171; https://doi.org/10.2307/1382325.
- Lanyon, J. M. and Sanson, G. D., Mechanical disruption of sea -grass in the digestive tract of the dugong. J. Zool., 2006, 270(2), 277–289; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00135.x.